What is a fire extinguisher and why is it important for fire protection and fire safety?
A fire extinguisher is an essential piece of fire protection equipment that can help control and extinguish different types of fires. Understanding the basics of fire and the role of fire extinguishers is crucial for ensuring the safety of individuals and properties.
In Australia, it is a legal requirement for many businesses and property owners to have the right fire extinguishers installed and properly maintained. This ensures that appropriate measures are put in place to prevent and combat fire emergencies.
Understanding the basics of fire and the role of fire extinguishers
Fire is a chemical reaction that occurs when fuel, heat, and oxygen are present. It can rapidly spread and cause extensive damage if not controlled effectively. Extinguishers contain different types of extinguishing agents designed to suppress and extinguish fires of flammable materials that have been subject to ignition.
The importance of having the right fire extinguisher
Having the right extinguisher is crucial as different types of fires require specific types of extinguishing agents. Using the wrong type of fire extinguisher may not effectively extinguish the fire and could potentially make it worse, impacting on the safety of life or premise. Therefore, it is essential to choose the correct fire extinguisher for the specific class of fire.
Legal requirements for fire extinguisher installation and maintenance
In Australia, businesses and property owners are legally obligated to comply with Australian standards for fire safety. This includes having the appropriate type and number of fire equipment installed, and conducting regular fire service and testing at the right intervals to ensure their effectiveness and meet Australian standards. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties and compromise the safety of individuals and property.
What are the different types of suitable fire extinguishers?
| Class A | Class B | Class C | Class D | Class E | Class F | |||
| Picture _______ | Band Colour | Type | Materials | Liquids | Gasses | Metals | Electrical | Cooking Oils & Fats |
 | None (Red) | Water |  |  | | | | |
 | White | Dry Chemical Type: ABE | | | | | | |
 | White | Dry Chemical Type: BE | | | | | | |
 | Black | Carbon Dioxide |  | | | | | |
 | Blue | Foam | | | | | | |
 | Cream | Wet Chemical | | | | | | |
 | Yellow | Vaporising Liquid | | | | | | |
Extinguishers are classified based on the type of fire they can effectively extinguish. The classification system helps individuals choose the right fire extinguisher to combat specific types of fires.
Understanding the classification system of fire extinguishers
Extinguishers are classified into different classes, including Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E, and Class F. Each class is designed to combat a specific type of fire, such as ordinary combustible materials, flammable liquids, electrical fires, flammable metals, cooking oils, and fats.
Types of fire extinguishers for different types of fires
There are several types of extinguishers available, including CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)extinguishers, ABC dry chemical powder fire extinguishers, and foam fire extinguishers. CO2 extinguishers are suitable for electrical fires, while ABC dry chemical powder extinguishers are versatile and can combat various types of fires. Foam extinguishers are effective for flammable liquids that can catch fire and are commonly used in industrial settings.
Choosing the right fire extinguisher for your specific needs
When selecting an extinguisher, it is important to consider the specific needs and potential fire hazards of your environment. Understanding the different fire classes and their corresponding extinguishing agents can help determine the most appropriate fire extinguisher for your situation.
How do extinguishers work?
Extinguishers work by deploying extinguishing agents that interrupt the chemical reactions of a fire. The mechanism of operation varies depending on the type of fire extinguisher.
The science behind extinguishing agents
Extinguishing agents utilize different mechanisms to suppress fires. CO2 extinguishers displace oxygen, while dry chemical powder extinguishers create a barrier between the fuel and oxygen, effectively smothering the fire. Foam extinguishers create a cooling effect and form a film over the fuel, preventing re-ignition.
The mechanism of operation for different types of fire extinguishers
CO2 extinguishers work by displacing oxygen and cooling the fire. Dry chemical powder extinguishers use a chemical reaction to inhibit the combustion process. Foam extinguishers create a foam blanket to smother the fire and prevent oxygen from reaching the fuel.
Key factors to consider when using a fire extinguisher
When using an extinguisher, it is essential to remember the acronym PASS: Pull the pin at the top of the extinguisher, Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle to discharge the extinguishing agent, and Sweep the nozzle from side to side while aiming at the base of the fire.
What are the different types of fire extinguishers in Australia?
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) for Electrical Fires
Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are common type suitable for electrical fires as they do not leave residue or cause damage to sensitive equipment. co2 fire extinguishers work by displacing oxygen and removing the heat element of the fire.
ABE dry chemical powder
ABE dry powder extinguishers are versatile and can be used on Class A, B, and E fires. The powder inhibits the chemical reaction of the fire, effectively suppressing and extinguishing it. There are different versions for the use on cooking oils and fats but the different types of dry chemical portable fire extinguishers are both effective on general and combustible liquids and electrical equipment.
Foam
The foam range of fire extinguishers are ideal for flammable liquid fires. They create a cooling effect and form a film over the fuel, preventing re-ignition.
Wet Chemical
Wet chemical fire extinguishers are an essential component of fire safety equipment used in Australia. Wet chemical extinguishers are specifically designed to tackle Class F fires, which involve cooking oils and fats.
Water
Water fire extinguishers play a crucial role. Water extinguishers are commonly used in Australia as they are effective in suppressing flames fuelled by organic materials such as wood and paper.
Vaporising Liquid
This type of extinguisher operates by releasing a fine mist of liquid, which then vaporizes and suppresses the fire. The liquid used in these extinguishers is typically a special type of foam or water-based solution that is specially formulated to quickly evaporate when exposed to high temperatures.
Vaporizing liquid fire extinguishers are particularly effective for controlling Class A fires, which involve ordinary combustible materials such as wood, paper, and textiles. When discharged onto a fire, the fine mist created by these extinguishers helps to cool down the flames and displace oxygen from the surrounding area, effectively smothering the fire. Furthermore, as the liquid rapidly vaporizes into steam upon contact with heat, it helps to create a barrier between the fuel source and oxygen, preventing re-ignition.
Due to their effectiveness and ease of use on Class A fires, vaporizing liquid fire extinguishers are commonly found in various settings across Australia. They can be found in places where there is a need for reliable firefighting equipment. Additionally, these types of fire extinguishers are typically lightweight and portable – making them easy to handle during emergencies.
How to use an extinguisher properly?
Using fire equipment correctly can make a significant difference in controlling a fire. Knowing the proper steps is essential for effective fire suppression why you approach the fire.
Step-by-step guide on using an extinguisher
When using a fire extinguisher, fires can be brought under control from a safe distance by following these steps:
- Pull the pin at the top of the extinguisher to break the tamper seal.
- Test the length of the stream to give yourself an idea of how far away you can stand from the fire.
- Position yourself at an adequate distance maintaining your own safety (low to the ground to avoid the smoke).
- Aim the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire.
- Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
- Sweep the nozzle or hose from side to side, covering the base of the fire until it is fully extinguished.
- Release the handles once the fire is completely doused.
in summary, this is known as the p-a-s-s method (pull, aim, squeeze & sweep).
Common mistakes to avoid
When using an extinguisher, avoid these common mistakes:
- Not pulling the pin before attempting to discharge the extinguisher.
- Aiming the extinguishing agent at the flames instead of the base of the fire.
- Failing to select the right type of fire extinguisher for the specific type of fire (i.e. using wet extinguishers on fires with electricity).
- Not sweeping the nozzle from side to side to fully extinguish the fire.
- Forgetting to properly squeeze the handles together.
Training and education on usage
Proper training and education on extinguisher usage are essential for individuals to respond effectively during a fire emergency. Organizations and individuals can undergo fire safety training to learn how to use fire extinguishers correctly.
Fire Extinguisher testing – How often should extinguishers be tested and maintained to comply?
Regular testing and maintenance is crucial to ensure their reliability and effectiveness in an emergency situation.
Regular maintenance and inspection of extinguishers
Fire Extinguisher service should include visual inspections on a regular basis to check for any signs of damage or leakage. Other areas of inspection include the tag, nozzle or outlet and checking the vital release of handles. They should also be tested and serviced by a qualified technician as per the manufacturer’s guidelines and Australian Standards.
Testing and certification requirements for fire extinguishers
Extinguishers should undergo hydrostatic testing to assess their structural integrity. The frequency of testing depends on the type of extinguisher and any legislative requirements at a state or territory level that mandate testing in accordance with AS1851.
Replacing or recharging fire extinguishers
Extinguishers that have been discharged or are past their expiration date should be replaced or recharged. It is essential to keep track of the expiration dates and perform timely replacements or recharging.
What are the regulations in Australia?
Australia has specific regulations and standards in place to ensure the effective use and maintenance of fire extinguishers.
Australian standards for extinguishers
The Australian Standard AS 1851 outlines the requirements for the maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment, including fire extinguishers. It provides guidelines for inspection, testing, and maintenance schedules to ensure their proper upkeep.
FAQ’s
Q: What are the main types of fire extinguishers available for workplaces in Australia?
A: The main types of fire extinguishers available are water extinguishers, foam extinguishers, dry powder extinguishers, CO2 extinguishers, wet chemical extinguishers, and clean agent extinguishers.
Q: How do I know which class of fire an extinguisher should be used for?
A: Fire extinguishers are classified based on the type of fire they are designed to extinguish. Different classes of fire include Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids), Class C (electrical fires), Class D (flammable metals), and Class K (cooking oil fires).
Q: What is a wet chemical fire extinguisher and when should it be used?
A: A wet chemical fire extinguisher is designed to extinguish Class F fires involving cooking oils and fats. It works by creating a barrier between the burning oil and the air, preventing the fire from reigniting.
Q: Are portable fire extinguishers a requirement in workplaces in Australia?
A: Yes, portable fire extinguishers are a legal requirement in workplaces in Australia to ensure the safety of employees and the protection of property in case of a fire emergency.
Q: Can you provide a chart showing the different classes of fire and the corresponding fire extinguisher types?
A: You can refer to a fire class chart that outlines the different classes of fire and the recommended fire extinguisher types for each class to ensure you are prepared for any type of fire emergency.
Q: What is a dry chemical powder fire extinguisher and when should it be used?
A: A dry chemical powder fire extinguisher is suitable for use on Class A, B, and C fires. It works by forming a barrier between the fuel and the oxygen in the air, suppressing the fire and preventing it from spreading.
Q: How many main types of fire extinguishers are commonly used in workplaces?
A: There are generally six main types of fire extinguishers that are commonly used in workplaces to tackle different classes of fires effectively and safely.